2023 CiteScore: 0.5
pISSN: 2538-385X
eISSN: 2538-3868
Editor-in-Chief:
Kazem Malmir, Ph.D.
Vol 11 No 3 (2017)
Research Article(s)
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Introduction: The time use of people in the occupation areas is affected by conditions, such as disability, environment, and family changes. One of these disabilities is Cerebral Palsy (CP), which requires long-term care. This study aimed to determine the difference between time use of mothers of school-aged children with CP with mothers of pre-school children with CP.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive/analytical study. A total of 64 mothers of children with CP along with their children, aged 4-12 years, were participated in this study. They were divided into two groups; mothers of pre-school and mothers of school-aged children. In this study, mother’s time use form was used to collect data. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS-19 conducting the Independent t test and Mann-Whitney tests to compare the two groups.
Results: There was a significant difference between two groups with respect in working days of the week (P=0.009). This study indicated that mothers of the schoolgoer children allocated more time for their children. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to their time use on holidays and weekends.
Conclusion: According to the findings, particular attention must be paid to the quality of life of mothers with school-aged children who have CP. -
Introduction: Low back pain is the leading cause of activity limitation and work absence throughout the world among workers.
Materials and Methods: Data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire containing individual and work ergonomic items. The 11-point numeric scale (NPRS) was used to assess the pain intensity from the office workers at the time of the survey. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was used for predicting the risk factors of low back pain.
Results: Demographic, personal, work ergonomic and psychosocial characteristics of office workers showed high prevalence of low back pain. The Point prevalence of LBP among the office workers of TUMS was 32.3% and the lifetime prevalence among them was 74.5%.
Conclusion: High prevalence of LBP was reported among the office workers. Different individual as well as work related risk factors are worsening this condition which needs proper protective measures. -
Introduction: Cockayne syndrome is a rare and autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms such as progressive neurological disorder, photosensitivity, visual disturbances, microcephaly, premature aging, and birdlike nose, mustache, and early asymmetric eyes. The syndrome has three types; I, II, and III.
Results: The patient is an 8-year-old boy with Cockayne syndrome type II whose parents have a grade 3 relationship. The child received Occupational Therapy (OT) intervention since 9 months of age. When he was one year old he could control his head and at the age of 2.5 years he could crawl. At age 3, the child was able to cruise and express some words like mama, baba, and meow meow. However, these abilities are gone now and he is only able to barely sit and control his head. Since the child has continuously received occupational therapy since the age of 9 months, and his CS is of the type two (the worst type), it can be argued that the offered child-care services along with all medical treatment, were successful to slow the disease progress and prevent the occurrence of secondary problems. -
Introduction: Mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have the lowest grade of quality of life compared with mothers of children with other disorders like mental retardation, learning disorders, or physical impairments. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the influence of severity of disorder and occupational performance of autistic child on mother’s quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between quality of life of these mothers with severity of disorder and occupational performance in their autistic children.
Materials and Methods: The participants included 35 mothers and their children with ASD (aged 3 to 7 years). They were selected by available sampling method from Tehran City, Iran. Severity of disorder and occupational performance were respectively measured by Gilliam Autism Rating Scale 2 and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.
Results: The relationship between mothers’ quality of life and severity of their children’s ASD was significant (except for two components of physical roles [P=0.276] and bodily pains [P=0.174]. Also correlation of mothers’ quality of life and occupational performance was significant (except for four dimensions of physical functioning [P=0.439] , physical roles [P=0.801], bodily pains [P=0.105] and role emotional [P=0.140]).
Conclusion: The results show that quality of life of mothers of autistic children is significantly associated with severity of disorder and occupational performance of children, but its relationship with severity of disorder is more pronounced than occupational performance. Therefore, in order to improve mother’s quality of life, the severity of symptoms of ASD should be decreased and child’s occupational performance increased. -
Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and disease characteristics on the quality of life scores and the distribution of the scores at different stages of Heart Failure (HF).
Materials and Methods: A total of 150 patients with HF participated in this cross-sectional study. The method of data collection was interview based on NYHA classification and using the validated Persian version of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (PKCCQ).
Results: According to NYHA classification, 10% of patients were classified as mild HF, 16% as moderate HF, 63% as severe HF, and 11% as very severe HF. Significant differences were observed for total score and the component scores of PKCCQ among four stages of the disease (P<0.001). By comparing the PKCCQ total score and three domains in male and female groups, it was revealed that sex cannot affect quality of life based on PKCCQ total score and its functional areas (P=0.18).
Conclusion: Distribution of the quality of life scores in patients with different stages of HF showed that quality of life scores overlap in the severe and very severe stages. Classifying the disease using NYHA classification cannot distinct patients with HF according to impairments in their health status between severe and very severe stages. In addition, the degree of education is the factor that may affect the quality of life. -
Introduction: Reading is defined as the ability to understand and use written language which is done via conversion of grapheme to phoneme. Morphological Awareness (MA) is the ability of conscious manipulation of morpheme which is the smallest meaningful language unit. The relationship between reading ability and MA is bidirectional. Many aspects of reading are predicted by MA. In Iran, one study has been conducted on this relationship. Regarding this issue, the main aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship between reading and MA. Because, the explicit MA (conscious use of morphemes) appears in the third and fourth graders, we studied the relationship between dyslexia and normal readers in these two graders.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 34 normally developed readers (22 boys and 12 girls) and 20 dyslexic students participated. Teacher questionnaire and NAMA test were used for dyslexia diagnosis. In addition, NAMA test for reading evaluation and MA test for assessment of morphological knowledge were used. Normal distribution of the data was examined by 1-sample Kolmogorov Smirnov test, while the data were analyzed by Pearson and Spearman Correlation Coefficient.
Results: In normal students, there is a relationship between word comprehension task and total score of morphological awareness test (Correlation Coefficient=0.70), between word reading and construct formation task (CC=0.46), between text comprehension and dynamic morpheme production task (CC=0.57), and between phoneme deletion and total score of morphological awareness test (CC=0.63). In dyslexic children, the relationships exist between word comprehension and construct formation (CC=0.60), between dynamic morpheme production (CC=0.78), and total score of morphological awareness test (CC=0.67), between text comprehension and morphological awareness task (CC=0.64), and between word chain and morpheme identification task (CC=0.78).
Conclusion: According to statistical analyses, some tasks of MA were correlated with some reading tasks; we believe the tasks used for reading skills could have influenced these results. The tasks of the present study for reading skills assessment were different from the tasks of other studies. -
Introduction: The success of rehabilitation centers depends on several factors, one of the most important of which is patient’s satisfaction. Therefore, suitable instruments must be used to assess the quality of services in rehabilitation centers.
Materials and Methods: In this research, we used the random sampling method to select the sample and the survey research method to collect data. The statistical population included all patients visiting the selected rehabilitation centers of Tehran City. In this regard, 4 rehabilitation centers; Rofaydeh Rehabilitation Hospital (public), Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital (public), Imam Zadeh Hassan Rehabilitation Center (private), and Arman Rehabilitation Center (private) were selected. Given the infinite statistical population size, the sample size was calculated using the scientific research methodology and Cochran’s sample size formula. The statistical sample size estimated for the infinite statistical population of this research was 486 with 95% confidence level. The research variables were assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire called the “patient’s satisfaction with rehabilitation services questionnaire”. The content and face validity of the questionnaire was approved by the experts. The estimated reliability of the questionnaire was 0.83 using Cronbach's α coefficient method. The descriptive and inferential statistics methods (i.e. the independent t test and 1-way analysis of variance) were used to analyze the data.
Results: The research findings reflected the clients’ satisfaction with the rehabilitation services and their components (i.e. reception services, therapist services, and waiting time) in public and private hospitals. Also a significant difference was found between the levels of patients’ satisfaction with rehabilitation services in private and public hospitals (P≤0.005), and clients were more satisfied with the services of public hospitals than private hospitals.
Conclusion: In addition, there was no significant difference between the levels of patients’ satisfaction with rehabilitation services with respect to demographic variables (including age, education, gender, and respondent), but a significant difference was observed in terms of ward. Finally, the results of the Friedman test revealed that satisfaction with therapist services had the first rank followed by patient’s satisfaction with the waiting time and then with reception (admission) services. -
Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the immediate effects of Whole Body Vibration (WBV) on Rounded Shoulder Posture (RSP) in healthy women.
Materials and Methods: Thirty female students aged between 18 to 30 years with RSP participated in this study. First, the examiner measured the RSP (in supine position), Pectoralis Minor Length (PML) and Total Scapular Distance (TSD). Then, the subjects performed 5 sets of 1-min WBV (frequency=30 Hz, amplitude=5 mm) with 1 min rest between each set. After intervention, the examiner immediately measured the above mentioned variables. The paired t test was used for data analysis.
Results: The analysis showed that WBV significantly decreased the supine measurement of RSP (P<0.001) and TSD (P=0.03) and increased PML (P <0.001).
Conclusion: It seems that WBV had immediate effect on postural correction of rounded shoulder posture in the study subjects.
