Association of Computer Vision Syndrome with Forward-Headed and Kyphotic Posture Among Undergraduate Information Technology Student
Abstract
Introduction: Computers and visual display devices have become indispensable in our daily lives. The frequent use of these devices has led to the emergence of computer vision syndrome (CVS). Coupled with poor ergonomics, musculoskeletal diseases are on the rise due to excessive computer use. This study aims to investigate the association between CVS and forward-headed and kyphotic posture in undergraduate IT students.
Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study involving 300 undergraduate IT students. We used a modified CVS questionnaire to assess CVS and the Kinovea software to diagnose forward head posture. We also used the Occiput Wall Distance test to assess kyphosis.
Results: In this study, a majority of undergraduate students (88%, 264 out of 300) exhibited CVS, resulting in forward head posture and kyphosis. There was a significant association between CVS, forward head posture, and kyphosis.
Conclusion: Computer vision syndrome is strongly associated with forward head posture and kyphosis. Prolonged computer device usage leads to changes in body posture, affecting the neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists/hands, upper back, and lower back.
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15. KARACAN K, ÇELİK H, ERDOĞAN M. Evaluation of the Relationship between Internet Addiction and the Thoracal Kyphosis Angle on Medical Faculty Students. Journal of Contemporary Medicine. 2021;11(1):57-61.
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19. Mohan V, Inbaraj LR, George CE, Norman G. Prevalence of complaints of arm, neck, and shoulders among computer professionals in Bangalore: A cross-sectional study. Journal of family medicine and Primary Care. 2019;8(1):171.
20. Wiyanad A, Chokphukiao P, Suwannarat P, Thaweewannakij T, Wattanapan P, Gaogasigam C, et al. Is the occiput-wall distance valid and reliable to determine the presence of thoracic hyperkyphosis? Musculoskeletal Science and Practice. 2018;38:63-8.
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23. Wongsa S, Amatachaya P, Saengsuwan J, Amatachaya S. Concurrent validity of occiput-wall distance to measure kyphosis in communities. J Clin Trials. 2012;2(10.4172):2167-0870.
24. Rolf SL. The Structure and Movement of Clarinet Playing: The Ohio State University; 2018.
25. Kocur P, Wilski M, Goliwąs M, Lewandowski J, Łochyński D. Influence of forward head posture on myotonometric measurements of superficial neck muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness in asymptomatic individuals with sedentary jobs. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2019;42(3):195-202.
26. Mork R, Falkenberg HK, Fostervold KI, Thorud H-MS. Discomfort glare and psychological stress during computer work: subjective responses and associations between neck pain and trapezius muscle blood flow. International archives of occupational and environmental health. 2020;93:29-42.
27. Mostafaee N, HasanNia F, Negahban H, Pirayeh N. Evaluating Differences Between Participants With Various Forward Head Posture With and Without Postural Neck Pain Using Craniovertebral Angle and Forward Shoulder Angle. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2022;45(3):179-87.
2. Ghamkhar L, Kahlaee AH. Is forward head posture relevant to cervical muscles performance and neck pain? A case–control study. Brazilian journal of physical therapy. 2019;23(4):346-54.
3. Riaz S, Jawa R, Nawaz HA, Haider A, Akhtar I, Siddique S. Functional outcomes of poor ergonomic posture in university workers. Biomedica. 2022;38(2):105-8.
4. Altalhi A, Khayyat W, Khojah O, Alsalmi M, Almarzouki H. Computer vision syndrome among health sciences students in Saudi Arabia: prevalence and risk factors. Cureus. 2020;12(2).
5. Celik S, Dirimeşe E, Taşdemir N, Çelik K, Arık T, Büyükkara İ. Determination of pain in muscoloskeletal system reported by office workers and the pain risk factors. 2018.
6. Choi W. Effect of 4 weeks of cervical deep muscle flexion exercise on headache and sleep disorder in patients with tension headache and forward head posture. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(7):3410.
7. Suvarnnato T, Puntumetakul R, Uthaikhup S, Boucaut R. Effect of specific deep cervical muscle exercises on functional disability, pain intensity, craniovertebral angle, and neck-muscle strength in chronic mechanical neck pain: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of pain research. 2019:915-25.
8. Mpofana T. Patterns of computer usage and related visual problems amongst university administrative staff: University of Johannesburg (South Africa); 2022.
9. Ochoa Gamero LA, Rodriguez Pullchz CG. Relación entre el síndrome visual informático y el impacto de la cefalea en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Católica de Santa María. 2022.
10. Anbesu EW, Lema AK. Prevalence of computer vision syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports. 2023;13(1):1801.
11. Dostálová N, Vrubel M, Kachlík P. Computer vision syndrome-symptoms and prevention. Casopis Lekaru Ceskych. 2021;160(2-3):88-92.
12. Reddy RS, Alshahrani MS, Tedla JS, Dixit S, Asiri F, Al-Otaibi ML, et al. Comparison of Cervical Joint Position Sense in Computer Users with Neck Pain, Forward Head Posture, Asymptomatic and Non-Computer Users–A Cross-Sectional Study. Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin. 2022;33.
13. Kadu DV, Shetye JV. Reliability of “MB-Ruler Software” to Measure Craniovertebral Angle Using the Photographic Method. Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU. 2022;12(03):307-11.
14. Sheikhhoseini R, Shahrbanian S, Sayyadi P, O’Sullivan K. Effectiveness of therapeutic exercise on forward head posture: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2018;41(6):530-9.
15. KARACAN K, ÇELİK H, ERDOĞAN M. Evaluation of the Relationship between Internet Addiction and the Thoracal Kyphosis Angle on Medical Faculty Students. Journal of Contemporary Medicine. 2021;11(1):57-61.
16. Din ST, Abideen ZU. Risk Factor of Upper Back Pain in General Population of Lahore: A Case Control Study. Clinical Surg. 2022;1(1):30-6.
17. Shahid S. Effect of Forward Head Posture on Neck Disability and Level of Stress Among Undergraduate Students. 2018.
18. Kashif M, Anwar M, Noor H, Iram H, Hassan HMJ. Prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints of arm, neck and shoulder and associated risk factors in computer office workers. Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin. 2020;30(05):299-305.
19. Mohan V, Inbaraj LR, George CE, Norman G. Prevalence of complaints of arm, neck, and shoulders among computer professionals in Bangalore: A cross-sectional study. Journal of family medicine and Primary Care. 2019;8(1):171.
20. Wiyanad A, Chokphukiao P, Suwannarat P, Thaweewannakij T, Wattanapan P, Gaogasigam C, et al. Is the occiput-wall distance valid and reliable to determine the presence of thoracic hyperkyphosis? Musculoskeletal Science and Practice. 2018;38:63-8.
21. Purushothaman VK, Segar SG, Muniandy Y, Subbarayalu AV, Prabaharan S, Marimuthu PR. Comparison of neck muscle strength, range of motion, and craniovertebral angle among Malaysian young adults using different electronic devices. Electronic Journal of General Medicine. 2023;20(4).
22. Puig-Diví A, Escalona-Marfil C, Padullés-Riu JM, Busquets A, Padullés-Chando X, Marcos-Ruiz D. Validity and reliability of the Kinovea program in obtaining angles and distances using coordinates in 4 perspectives. PloS one. 2019;14(6):e0216448.
23. Wongsa S, Amatachaya P, Saengsuwan J, Amatachaya S. Concurrent validity of occiput-wall distance to measure kyphosis in communities. J Clin Trials. 2012;2(10.4172):2167-0870.
24. Rolf SL. The Structure and Movement of Clarinet Playing: The Ohio State University; 2018.
25. Kocur P, Wilski M, Goliwąs M, Lewandowski J, Łochyński D. Influence of forward head posture on myotonometric measurements of superficial neck muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness in asymptomatic individuals with sedentary jobs. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2019;42(3):195-202.
26. Mork R, Falkenberg HK, Fostervold KI, Thorud H-MS. Discomfort glare and psychological stress during computer work: subjective responses and associations between neck pain and trapezius muscle blood flow. International archives of occupational and environmental health. 2020;93:29-42.
27. Mostafaee N, HasanNia F, Negahban H, Pirayeh N. Evaluating Differences Between Participants With Various Forward Head Posture With and Without Postural Neck Pain Using Craniovertebral Angle and Forward Shoulder Angle. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2022;45(3):179-87.
| Issue | Articles in Press | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Forward head posture Kyphosis Craniovertebral angle Computer vision syndrome Occiput to wall distance test IT students | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Noonari M, Noonari S, Samejo B. Association of Computer Vision Syndrome with Forward-Headed and Kyphotic Posture Among Undergraduate Information Technology Student. jmr. 2024;(-).
