Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Intervention for Elderly People with Diabetic Neuropathy: A Review Study
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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most complex and progressive disorders, characterized by symmetrical distal degeneration of peripheral nerves, resulting in features of pain and sensory loss. This study aimed to find out the effects of physiotherapy intervention on physical function, balance, and postural control of persons with DN.
Materials and Methods: A computerized electronic search was performed using PEDro, Pubmed, CINAHL, and EMBASE with keywords including physiotherapy intervention, physical exercise, rehabilitation techniques, balance training, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The inclusion criteria consisted of studies that were randomized clinical trials, crossover trials, or controlled trials published in the English language from 2015 to 2021, identifying DN as the primary concern, and physiotherapy intervention as one of the treatment options.
Results: The primary search of the database turned up an entire set of 58 studies, among which 11 studies were selected as potentially meeting the inclusion criteria. Ultimately, four studies were retained for the final results of the review. The evaluations provided evidence to suggest that physiotherapy has positive effects on subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Conclusion: After reviewing, it has been revealed that balance and strength training are applicable for improving balance, gait, and physical function in DN patients.
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[9] Kaur J, Singh SK, Vij JS. Optimization of efficacy of core strengthening exercise protocols on patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases. 2018; 25(1):23-36. [DOI:10.2478/rjdnmd.2018.0003]
[10] Timar B, Timar R, Gaiță L, Oancea C, Levai C, Lungeanu D. The impact of diabetic neuropathy on balance and on the risk of falls in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. PloS one. 2016;11(4):e0154654. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0154654]
[11] Zivi I, Maffia S, Ferrari V, Zarucchi A, Molatore K, Maestri R, et al. Effectiveness of aquatic versus land physiotherapy in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation. 2018;32(5):663-70. [DOI:10.1177/0269215517746716]
[12] Streckmann F, Zopf EM, Lehmann HC, May K, Rizza J, Zimmer P, et al. Exercise intervention studies in patients with peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review. Sports medicine. 2014;44(9):1289-304. [DOI:10.1007/s40279-014-0207-5]
[13] Ramachandran VS, Hirstein W. The perception of phantom limbs. The DO Hebb lecture. Brain: a journal of neurology. 1998;121(9):1603-30. [DOI:10.1093/brain/121.9.1603]
[14] Thorat KD, Ganvir S. Effectiveness of strength training on hand function in patients with Diabetic neuropathy. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. 2015;4(4):429-37.
[15] Alexiou P, Kottaras A, Lytras D, Iakovidis P, Kottaras I, Chasapis G. A review of the effect of therapeutic exercise on polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes. Int J Orthop Sci. 2021;7(2):491-4. [DOI:10.22271/ortho.2021.v7.i2g.2666]
[16] Grbović V, Stefanović S, Đukić S, Nurković J, Zdravković-Petrović N, Parezanović-Ilić K, et al. The effects of the physical procedures in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Vojnosanitetski pregled. 2019;76(8):787-94. [DOI:10.2298/VSP170429165G]
[17] Najafi B, Talal TK, Grewal GS, Menzies R, Armstrong DG, Lavery LA. Using plantar electrical stimulation to improve postural balance and plantar sensation among patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a randomized double blinded study. Journal of diabetes science and technology. 2017;11(4):693-701. [DOI:10.1177/1932296817695338]
[18] Susan van D, Beulens JW, Yvonne T. van der S, Grobbee DE, Nealb B. The global burden of diabetes and its complications: an emerging pandemic. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. 2010;17(1_suppl):s3-8. [DOI:10.1097/01.hjr.0000368191.86614.5a]
[19] Tesfaye S, Selvarajah D. Advances in the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 2012;28:8-14. [DOI:/10.1002/dmrr.2239]
[20] Hewston P, Deshpande N. Falls and balance impairments in older adults with type 2 diabetes: thinking beyond diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Canadian journal of diabetes. 2016;40(1):6-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.08.005]
[21] Brown SJ, Handsaker JC, Bowling FL, Boulton AJ, Reeves ND. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy compromises balance during daily activities. Diabetes care. 2015;38(6):1116-22. [DOI:/10.2337/dc14-1982]
[22] Kiani N, Marryam M, Malik AN, Amjad I. The effect of aerobic exercises on balance in diabetic neuropathy patients. Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018;26(2):141-5.
[23] Battesha HH, Ahmed GM, Amer HA, El Gohary AM, Ragab WM. Effect of core stability exercises and desensitisation therapy on limit of stability in diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation. 2018; 25(3):128-34. [DOI:10.12968/ijtr.2018.25.3.128]
[24] Kamatchi K, Divya M, Rajalaxmi V, Yuvarani G, Tharani G. Effect of proprioception training and backward walking training among diabetic neuropathy patients. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2018 May 25;10(1):2820-4.
[25] Dixit S, Maiya AG, Shastry BA. Effect of aerobic exercise on peripheral nerve functions of population with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes: a single blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications. 2014;28(3):332-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.12.006]
[26] Becker BE. Aquatic therapy: scientific foundations and clinical rehabilitation applications. Pm&r. 2009;1(9):859-72. [DOI:10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.05.017]
[27] Marinho-Buzelli AR, Bonnyman AM, Verrier MC. The effects of aquatic therapy on mobility of individuals with neurological diseases: a systematic review. Clinical rehabilitation. 2015;29(8):741-51. [DOI:10.1177/0269215514556297]
[28] Lee K, Lee S, Song C. Whole-body vibration training improves balance, muscle strength and glycosylated hemoglobin in elderly patients with diabetic neuropathy. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine. 2013;231(4):305-14. [DOI:10.1620/tjem.231.305]
[29] Akbari M, Jafari H, Moshashaee A, Forugh B. Do diabetic neuropathy patients benefit from balance training?. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development. 2012;49(2).
[DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2010.10.0197]
[2] Javadzadeh A, Ghorbanihaghjo A, Adl FH, Andalib D, Khojasteh-Jafari H, Ghabili K. Calcium dobesilate reduces endothelin-1 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein serum levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Molecular vision. 2013;19:62. PMID: 23335852
[3] Boulton AJ, Vinik AI, Arezzo JC, Bril V, Feldman EL, Freeman R, et al. Diabetic neuropathies: a statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes care. 2005;28(4):956-62. [DOI:10.2337/diacare.28.4.956]
[4] Eftekhar-Sadat B, Azizi R, Aliasgharzadeh A, Toopchizadeh V, Ghojazadeh M. Effect of balance training with Biodex Stability System on balance in diabetic neuropathy. Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism. 2015;6(5):233-40. [DOI:10.1177/2042018815595566]
[5] Anandhalakshmi S, Manikandan S, Ganeshkumar P, Ramachandran C. Alveolar gas exchange and pulmonary functions in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2013;7(9):1874-77. [DOI:10.7860/JCDR/2013/6550.3339] [PMID]
[6] Yousefinezhadi B, Ravanbakhsh M, Saadat M, Zakerkish M, Goharpey S. The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Respiratory System. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation. 2018;12(3):157-62. [DOI:10.32598/JMR.V12.N3.157]
[7] De Oliveira CB, de Medeiros ÍR, Ferreira NA, Greters ME, Conforto AB. Balance control in hemiparetic stroke patients: main tools for evaluation. Journal of rehabilitation research & development. 2008;45(8). [DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2007.09.0150]
[8] Lee K, Lee S, Song C. Whole-body vibration training improves balance, muscle strength and glycosylated hemoglobin in elderly patients with diabetic neuropathy. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine. 2013;231(4):305-14. [ DOI:/10.1620/tjem.231.305]
[9] Kaur J, Singh SK, Vij JS. Optimization of efficacy of core strengthening exercise protocols on patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases. 2018; 25(1):23-36. [DOI:10.2478/rjdnmd.2018.0003]
[10] Timar B, Timar R, Gaiță L, Oancea C, Levai C, Lungeanu D. The impact of diabetic neuropathy on balance and on the risk of falls in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. PloS one. 2016;11(4):e0154654. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0154654]
[11] Zivi I, Maffia S, Ferrari V, Zarucchi A, Molatore K, Maestri R, et al. Effectiveness of aquatic versus land physiotherapy in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation. 2018;32(5):663-70. [DOI:10.1177/0269215517746716]
[12] Streckmann F, Zopf EM, Lehmann HC, May K, Rizza J, Zimmer P, et al. Exercise intervention studies in patients with peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review. Sports medicine. 2014;44(9):1289-304. [DOI:10.1007/s40279-014-0207-5]
[13] Ramachandran VS, Hirstein W. The perception of phantom limbs. The DO Hebb lecture. Brain: a journal of neurology. 1998;121(9):1603-30. [DOI:10.1093/brain/121.9.1603]
[14] Thorat KD, Ganvir S. Effectiveness of strength training on hand function in patients with Diabetic neuropathy. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. 2015;4(4):429-37.
[15] Alexiou P, Kottaras A, Lytras D, Iakovidis P, Kottaras I, Chasapis G. A review of the effect of therapeutic exercise on polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes. Int J Orthop Sci. 2021;7(2):491-4. [DOI:10.22271/ortho.2021.v7.i2g.2666]
[16] Grbović V, Stefanović S, Đukić S, Nurković J, Zdravković-Petrović N, Parezanović-Ilić K, et al. The effects of the physical procedures in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Vojnosanitetski pregled. 2019;76(8):787-94. [DOI:10.2298/VSP170429165G]
[17] Najafi B, Talal TK, Grewal GS, Menzies R, Armstrong DG, Lavery LA. Using plantar electrical stimulation to improve postural balance and plantar sensation among patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a randomized double blinded study. Journal of diabetes science and technology. 2017;11(4):693-701. [DOI:10.1177/1932296817695338]
[18] Susan van D, Beulens JW, Yvonne T. van der S, Grobbee DE, Nealb B. The global burden of diabetes and its complications: an emerging pandemic. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. 2010;17(1_suppl):s3-8. [DOI:10.1097/01.hjr.0000368191.86614.5a]
[19] Tesfaye S, Selvarajah D. Advances in the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 2012;28:8-14. [DOI:/10.1002/dmrr.2239]
[20] Hewston P, Deshpande N. Falls and balance impairments in older adults with type 2 diabetes: thinking beyond diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Canadian journal of diabetes. 2016;40(1):6-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.08.005]
[21] Brown SJ, Handsaker JC, Bowling FL, Boulton AJ, Reeves ND. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy compromises balance during daily activities. Diabetes care. 2015;38(6):1116-22. [DOI:/10.2337/dc14-1982]
[22] Kiani N, Marryam M, Malik AN, Amjad I. The effect of aerobic exercises on balance in diabetic neuropathy patients. Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018;26(2):141-5.
[23] Battesha HH, Ahmed GM, Amer HA, El Gohary AM, Ragab WM. Effect of core stability exercises and desensitisation therapy on limit of stability in diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation. 2018; 25(3):128-34. [DOI:10.12968/ijtr.2018.25.3.128]
[24] Kamatchi K, Divya M, Rajalaxmi V, Yuvarani G, Tharani G. Effect of proprioception training and backward walking training among diabetic neuropathy patients. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2018 May 25;10(1):2820-4.
[25] Dixit S, Maiya AG, Shastry BA. Effect of aerobic exercise on peripheral nerve functions of population with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes: a single blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications. 2014;28(3):332-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.12.006]
[26] Becker BE. Aquatic therapy: scientific foundations and clinical rehabilitation applications. Pm&r. 2009;1(9):859-72. [DOI:10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.05.017]
[27] Marinho-Buzelli AR, Bonnyman AM, Verrier MC. The effects of aquatic therapy on mobility of individuals with neurological diseases: a systematic review. Clinical rehabilitation. 2015;29(8):741-51. [DOI:10.1177/0269215514556297]
[28] Lee K, Lee S, Song C. Whole-body vibration training improves balance, muscle strength and glycosylated hemoglobin in elderly patients with diabetic neuropathy. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine. 2013;231(4):305-14. [DOI:10.1620/tjem.231.305]
[29] Akbari M, Jafari H, Moshashaee A, Forugh B. Do diabetic neuropathy patients benefit from balance training?. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development. 2012;49(2).
[DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2010.10.0197]
| Issue | Vol 18 No 2 (2024) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jmr.v18i2.15970 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Physical therapy Rehabilitation Elderly Diabetic neuropathy Peripheral neuropathy | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Ahmed F, Hassan N, Islam W, Uddin K, Ahmed S, Islam A. Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Intervention for Elderly People with Diabetic Neuropathy: A Review Study. jmr. 2024;18(2):144-151.
