Investigating the Reliability of Ultrasonography Measurements of Masticatory Muscles in subjects with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: An Intra-Rater Reliability Study
-
Leila Alizadeh
,
Khaled Rezaie
,
Vahid Sobhani
,
Ali Amiri
,
Mansoureh Samadi
,
Hossein Shakeri
,
Saman Salehi
Abstract
Introduction: Ultrasonography is a common tool for assessing muscle morphology. This study aims to investigate the intra-rater reliability of ultrasonography measurements of the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscles (LPM) in subjects with and without temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and to compare the measurements between the two groups.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 individuals (15 subjects with TMD and 15 subjects without TMD) participated in the study. Imaging of the masseter muscle at rest and contraction, in addition to LPM, was performed using sonography in 2 sessions with a 2-day interval and the thickness of these muscles was measured. To assess the reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC(3, 3)), standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change, and limits of agreement were used. Additionally, for the between-group comparison of measurements, the independent sample t-test was used. The Cohen d was used to determine the size of the differences.
Results: ICC(3, 3) for intra-rater reliability of masseter thickness in rest and clenched positions and LPM were 0.89, 0.80, and 0.86 in the asymptomatic group, and 0.88, 0.80, and 0.90 in the TMD group, respectively. The values of absolute reliability parameters, such as standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change were in a small range. Additionally, compared to the asymptomatic group, the TMD group had thicker masseter muscle in the rest position and the effect size revealed a large difference between the groups. No significant differences were found between the groups for the thickness of the masseter muscle in contraction position and LPM.
Conclusion: The results of the intra-reliability study revealed that ultrasonography is a reliable method to measure the thickness of the masticatory muscles in TMD subjects and asymptomatic subjects. Additionally, TMDs can change the thickness of the masticatory muscles.
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4. Scrivani SJ, Keith DA, Kaban LB. Temporomandibular disorders. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008;359(25):2693-705.
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10. Eren H, Bağış N, Bıyıkoğlu B. Clinical and Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Masticatory Muscles in Young Subjects with and Without Bruxism. Meandros Medical and Dental Journal. 2021;22(1):38-46.
11. Ariji Y, Sakuma S, Izumi M, Sasaki J, Kurita K, Ogi N, et al. Ultrasonographic features of the masseter muscle in female patients with temporomandibular disorder associated with myofascial pain. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2004;98(3):337-41.
12. Kuroda M, Otonari-Yamamoto M, Araki K. Evaluation of lateral pterygoid muscles in painful temporomandibular joints by signal intensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Oral radiology. 2018;34(1):17-23.
13. Levangie PK, Norkin CC. Joint structure and function: a comprehensive analysis: FA Davis; 2011.
14. Chang P-H, Chen Y-J, Chang K-V, Wu W-T, Özçakar L. Ultrasound measurements of superficial and deep masticatory muscles in various postures: reliability and influencers. Scientific reports. 2020;10(1):1-9.
15. Azlag Pekince K, Caglayan F, Pekince A. Imaging of masseter muscle spasms by ultrasonography: a preliminary study. Oral Radiology. 2020;36(1):85-8.
16. d'Ippolito S, Borri Wolosker A, D'Ippolito G, Herbert de Souza B, Fenyo-Pereira M. Evaluation of the lateral pterygoid muscle using magnetic resonance imaging. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. 2010;39(8):494-500.
17. Odkhuu M, Kim J, Kim S-J. An Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Masseter Muscle Thickness in Patients Having Parafunctional Habit. Journal of Korean Dental Science. 2020;13(2):59-66.
18. Hebert JJ, Koppenhaver SL, Parent EC, Fritz JM. A systematic review of the reliability of rehabilitative ultrasound imaging for the quantitative assessment of the abdominal and lumbar trunk muscles. Spine. 2009;34(23):E848-E56.
19. ShahAli S, Shanbehzadeh S, ShahAli S, Takamjani IE. Application of ultrasonography in the assessment of abdominal and lumbar trunk muscle activity in participants with and without low back pain: A systematic review. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2019;42(7):541-50.
20. Barotsis N, Tsiganos P, Kokkalis Z, Panayiotakis G, Panagiotopoulos E. Reliability of muscle thickness measurements in ultrasonography. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 2020;43(2):123-8.
21. Bertram S, Bodner G, Rudisch A, Brandlmaier I, Emshoff R. Effect of scanning level and muscle condition on ultrasonographic cross‐sectional measurements of the anterior masseter muscle. Journal of oral rehabilitation. 2003;30(4):430-5.
22. Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, Look J, Anderson G, Goulet J-P, et al. Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for clinical and research applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group. Journal of oral & facial pain and headache. 2014;28(1):6.
23. Glowacki J, Latuszewska J, Okret A, Skowron N, Misterska E, Opydo-Szymaczek J. Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Females with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Long-Term Effects of Milwaukee Brace Treatment. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022;11(6):1721.
24. Salehi S, Shadmehr A, Olyaei G, Tajali SB, Mir SM, Sobhani V. Ultrasonographic measurements of plantar fascia thickness and echogenicity in individuals with and without plantar fasciitis: Reliability and group differences. The Foot. 2021;49:101849.
25. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Revised ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates. Inc; 1988.
26. Emshoff R, Emshoff I, Rudisch A, Bertram S. Reliability and temporal variation of masseter muscle thickness measurements utilizing ultrasonography. Journal of oral rehabilitation. 2003;30(12):1168-72.
27. Bernal AG, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME. Reliability of the OptoGait portable photoelectric cell system for the quantification of spatial-temporal parameters of gait in young adults. Gait & posture. 2016;50:196-200.
28. Ariji Y, Katsumata A, Hiraiwa Y, Izumi M, Sakuma S, Shimizu M, et al. Masseter muscle sonographic features as indices for evaluating efficacy of massage treatment. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2010;110(4):517-26.
29. Park K-M, Choi E, Kwak E-J, Kim S, Park W, Jeong J-S, et al. The relationship between masseter muscle thickness measured by ultrasonography and facial profile in young Korean adults. Imaging science in dentistry. 2018;48(3):213-21.
30. Palinkas M, Nassar MSP, Cecílio FA, Siéssere S, Semprini M, Machado-de-Sousa JP, et al. Age and gender influence on maximal bite force and masticatory muscles thickness. Archives of oral biology. 2010;55(10):797-802.
31. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences: Routledge; 2013.
32. Bakke M, Thomsen C, Vilmann A, Soneda K, Farella M, Møller E. Ultra sonographic assessment of the swelling of the human masseter muscle after static and dynamic activity. Archives of oral biology. 1996;41(2):133-40.
33. Ariji Y, Sakuma S, Kimura Y, Kawamata A, Toyama M, Kurita K, et al. Colour Doppler sonographic analysis of blood-flow velocity in the human facial artery and changes in masseter muscle thickness during low-level static contraction. Archives of oral biology. 2001;46(11):1059-64.
2. Herrera-Valencia A, Ruiz-Muñoz M, Martin-Martin J, Cuesta-Vargas A, González-Sánchez M. Efficacy of manual therapy in temporomandibular joint disorders and its medium-and long-term effects on pain and maximum mouth opening: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9(11):3404.
3. Pimenta e Silva Machado L, de Góis Nery C, Rodrigues Leles C, Batista de Macedo Nery M, Okeson JP. The prevalence of clinical diagnostic groups in patients with temporomandibular disorders. CRANIO®. 2009;27(3):194-9.
4. Scrivani SJ, Keith DA, Kaban LB. Temporomandibular disorders. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008;359(25):2693-705.
5. Dijkgraaf LC, de Bont LG, Boering G, Liem RS. Normal cartilage structure, biochemistry, and metabolism: a review of the literature. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 1995;53(8):924-9.
6. Espí-López GV, Arnal-Gómez A, Cuerda del Pino A, Benavent-Corai J, Serra-Añó P, Inglés M. Effect of manual therapy and splint therapy in people with temporomandibular disorders: a preliminary study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9(8):2411.
7. Rezaie K, Amiri A, Ebrahimi Takamjani E, Shirani G, Salehi S, Alizadeh L. The Efficacy of Neck and Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Manual Therapy in Comparison With a Multimodal Approach in the Patients with TMJ Dysfunction: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran. 1936;36(1):328-37.
8. Palinkas M, Bataglion C, de Luca Canto G, Machado Camolezi N, Theodoro GT, Siéssere S, et al. Impact of sleep bruxism on masseter and temporalis muscles and bite force. CRANIO®. 2016;34(5):309-15.
9. Bulut DG, Avci F, Özcan G. Ultrasonographic evaluation of jaw elevator muscles in young adults with bruxism and with and without attrition-type tooth wear: A pilot study. CRANIO®. 2018.
10. Eren H, Bağış N, Bıyıkoğlu B. Clinical and Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Masticatory Muscles in Young Subjects with and Without Bruxism. Meandros Medical and Dental Journal. 2021;22(1):38-46.
11. Ariji Y, Sakuma S, Izumi M, Sasaki J, Kurita K, Ogi N, et al. Ultrasonographic features of the masseter muscle in female patients with temporomandibular disorder associated with myofascial pain. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2004;98(3):337-41.
12. Kuroda M, Otonari-Yamamoto M, Araki K. Evaluation of lateral pterygoid muscles in painful temporomandibular joints by signal intensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Oral radiology. 2018;34(1):17-23.
13. Levangie PK, Norkin CC. Joint structure and function: a comprehensive analysis: FA Davis; 2011.
14. Chang P-H, Chen Y-J, Chang K-V, Wu W-T, Özçakar L. Ultrasound measurements of superficial and deep masticatory muscles in various postures: reliability and influencers. Scientific reports. 2020;10(1):1-9.
15. Azlag Pekince K, Caglayan F, Pekince A. Imaging of masseter muscle spasms by ultrasonography: a preliminary study. Oral Radiology. 2020;36(1):85-8.
16. d'Ippolito S, Borri Wolosker A, D'Ippolito G, Herbert de Souza B, Fenyo-Pereira M. Evaluation of the lateral pterygoid muscle using magnetic resonance imaging. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. 2010;39(8):494-500.
17. Odkhuu M, Kim J, Kim S-J. An Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Masseter Muscle Thickness in Patients Having Parafunctional Habit. Journal of Korean Dental Science. 2020;13(2):59-66.
18. Hebert JJ, Koppenhaver SL, Parent EC, Fritz JM. A systematic review of the reliability of rehabilitative ultrasound imaging for the quantitative assessment of the abdominal and lumbar trunk muscles. Spine. 2009;34(23):E848-E56.
19. ShahAli S, Shanbehzadeh S, ShahAli S, Takamjani IE. Application of ultrasonography in the assessment of abdominal and lumbar trunk muscle activity in participants with and without low back pain: A systematic review. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2019;42(7):541-50.
20. Barotsis N, Tsiganos P, Kokkalis Z, Panayiotakis G, Panagiotopoulos E. Reliability of muscle thickness measurements in ultrasonography. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 2020;43(2):123-8.
21. Bertram S, Bodner G, Rudisch A, Brandlmaier I, Emshoff R. Effect of scanning level and muscle condition on ultrasonographic cross‐sectional measurements of the anterior masseter muscle. Journal of oral rehabilitation. 2003;30(4):430-5.
22. Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, Look J, Anderson G, Goulet J-P, et al. Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for clinical and research applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group. Journal of oral & facial pain and headache. 2014;28(1):6.
23. Glowacki J, Latuszewska J, Okret A, Skowron N, Misterska E, Opydo-Szymaczek J. Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Females with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Long-Term Effects of Milwaukee Brace Treatment. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022;11(6):1721.
24. Salehi S, Shadmehr A, Olyaei G, Tajali SB, Mir SM, Sobhani V. Ultrasonographic measurements of plantar fascia thickness and echogenicity in individuals with and without plantar fasciitis: Reliability and group differences. The Foot. 2021;49:101849.
25. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Revised ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates. Inc; 1988.
26. Emshoff R, Emshoff I, Rudisch A, Bertram S. Reliability and temporal variation of masseter muscle thickness measurements utilizing ultrasonography. Journal of oral rehabilitation. 2003;30(12):1168-72.
27. Bernal AG, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME. Reliability of the OptoGait portable photoelectric cell system for the quantification of spatial-temporal parameters of gait in young adults. Gait & posture. 2016;50:196-200.
28. Ariji Y, Katsumata A, Hiraiwa Y, Izumi M, Sakuma S, Shimizu M, et al. Masseter muscle sonographic features as indices for evaluating efficacy of massage treatment. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2010;110(4):517-26.
29. Park K-M, Choi E, Kwak E-J, Kim S, Park W, Jeong J-S, et al. The relationship between masseter muscle thickness measured by ultrasonography and facial profile in young Korean adults. Imaging science in dentistry. 2018;48(3):213-21.
30. Palinkas M, Nassar MSP, Cecílio FA, Siéssere S, Semprini M, Machado-de-Sousa JP, et al. Age and gender influence on maximal bite force and masticatory muscles thickness. Archives of oral biology. 2010;55(10):797-802.
31. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences: Routledge; 2013.
32. Bakke M, Thomsen C, Vilmann A, Soneda K, Farella M, Møller E. Ultra sonographic assessment of the swelling of the human masseter muscle after static and dynamic activity. Archives of oral biology. 1996;41(2):133-40.
33. Ariji Y, Sakuma S, Kimura Y, Kawamata A, Toyama M, Kurita K, et al. Colour Doppler sonographic analysis of blood-flow velocity in the human facial artery and changes in masseter muscle thickness during low-level static contraction. Archives of oral biology. 2001;46(11):1059-64.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 17 No 4 (2023) | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jmr.v17i4.13896 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Temporomandibular disorder Ultrasonography Masticatory muscle Reliability | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Alizadeh L, Rezaie K, Sobhani V, Amiri A, Samadi M, Shakeri H, Salehi S. Investigating the Reliability of Ultrasonography Measurements of Masticatory Muscles in subjects with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: An Intra-Rater Reliability Study. jmr. 2023;17(4):468-478.
