Translation, Reliability Assessment, and Validation of the Persian Version of MedRisk Instrument for Measuring Patient Satisfaction With Physical Therapy Care (20-Item MRPS)
,
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the 20-item version of the MedRisk.
Materials and Methods: In our study, we used a cross-sectional and prospective validation study design. This research was a test development study involving 297 outpatients with musculoskeletal disorders from the physiotherapy centers in Kerman City, Iran, in 2017. All patients completed the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care. Participants also answered a demographic questionnaire, visual analog score, and global rating of change. Internal consistency and reproducibility were investigated, too. To determine test-retest reliability, 40 randomly selected patients completed the MedRisk instrument again 5-7 days after their treatment. Factor analysis, divergent validity, convergent validity, and the floor and ceiling effects were tested, too. The Ethics Committee of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran, reviewed and approved this research project. The SPSS software-24 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Dimension of MedRisk demonstrated a high internal consistency (the Cronbach alpha=0.82). Reproducibility was also satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.76). The standard error of measurement, minimal detectable changes, and coefficients of variation indices were respectively 0.63, 1.76, and 0.13 for the total score. In factor analysis, the 4-factor solution has emerged. The external validity testing revealed that the MedRisk instrument score correlated negatively with the visual analog scale (r=-0.18, P=0.002) and global rating of change (r=-0.19, P=0.001). Eighteen individual items of MedRisk were positively correlated with global satisfaction. The results showed that items 5 and 7 had a floor effect, and all other items except items 4, 5, and 7 had a ceiling effect.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the MedRisk instrument is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy and can be used in a clinical setting.
[1] Roush SE, Sonstroem RJ. Development of the physical therapy outpatient satisfaction survey (PTOPS). Physical Therapy. 1999;79(2):159-70.
[2] Hills R, Kitchen S. Satisfaction with outpatient physiotherapy: A survey comparing the views of patients with acute and chronic musculoskeletal conditions. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2007;23(1):21-36.
[3] McMurray J, McNeil H, Lafortune C, Black S, Prorok J, Stolee P. Measuring Patients' Experience of Rehabilitation Services Across the Care Continuum. Part I: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2016;97(1):104-20.
[4] Hills R, Kitchen S. Toward a theory of patient satisfaction with physiotherapy: Exploring the concept of satisfaction. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2007;23(5):243-54.
[5] Kroettinger BS. Factors that impact patient satisfaction in physical therapy [Ph.D.]. Ann Arbor: Capella University; 2006.
[6] Tennakoon T, de Zoysa P. Patient satisfaction with physiotherapy services in an Asian country: A report from Sri Lanka. Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal. 2014;32(2):79-85.
[7] Keith RA. Patient satisfaction and rehabilitation services. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1998;79(9):1122-8.
[8] Beattie PF, Pinto MB, Nelson MK, Nelson R. Patient satisfaction with outpatient physical therapy: instrument validation. Phys Ther. 2002 Jun;82(6):557-65. PubMed PMID: 12036397. Epub 2002/05/31. eng.
[9] Beattie PF, Nelson R, Murphy DR. Development and preliminary validation of the medrisk instrument to measure patient satisfaction with chiropractic care. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2011;34(1):23-9.
[10] Hudak PL, Wright JG. The characteristics of patient satisfaction measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3167-77.
[11] Garratt A, Bjærtnes ØA, Krogstad U, Gulbrandsen P. The OutPatient Experiences Questionnaire (OPEQ): data quality, reliability, and validity in patients attending 52 Norwegian hospitals. Quality and Safety in Health Care. 2005;14(6):433-7.
[12] Solomon DH, Bates DW, Horsky J, Burdick E, Schaffer JL, Katz JN. Development and validation of a patient satisfaction scale for musculoskeletal care. Arthritis care and research. 1999;12:96-100.
[13] Monnin D, Perneger TV. Scale to measure patient satisfaction with physical therapy. Physical Therapy. 2002;82(7):682-91.
[14] Vanti C, Monticone M, Ceron D, Bonetti F, Piccarreta R, Guccione AA, et al. Italian version of the physical therapy patient satisfaction questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties. Physical therapy. 2013;93(7):911–22.
[15] Vanti C, Bonetti F, Ceron D, Piccarreta R, Violante FS, Guccione A, et al. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Physical Therapy Outpatient Satisfaction Survey in an Italian musculoskeletal population. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013;14:125. PubMed PMID: 23560848. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC3623747. Epub 2013/04/09. eng.
[16] Beattie P, Turner C, Dowda M, Michener L, Nelson R. The MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care: a psychometric analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2005;35(1):24-32.
[17] Goldstein MS, Elliott SD, Guccione AA. The development of an instrument to measure satisfaction with physical therapy. Phys Ther. 2000 Sep;80(9):853-63. PubMed PMID: 10960933. Epub 2000/08/29. eng.
[18] Roush SE, Jones M, Nassaney M. Patient satisfaction in physical therapy: concurrent comparison of two instruments in outpatient settings. HPA Journal. 2007;7(3):1-8.
[19] Roush SE, Scott C, Drake M. The Reliability and Validity of the Physical Therapy Outpatient Satisfaction Survey: A Replication Study. HPA Journal. 2007;7(2):1-10.
[20] Mosallanezhad Z, Abdolalizadeh M, Salavati M, Saeedi A, Mohammadi J, Ehsani F. Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Construct Validation of Patient Satisfaction with the Physical Therapy Questionnaire in Persian. Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health. 2019;6(1).
[21] Nakhostin Ansari N, Naghdi S, Alaei P, Komesh S, Emami Razavi SZ, Azadvari M, et al. The MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care: A validation of the Persian-language version. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2020;5:1-10.
[22] Oliveira NdFC, Costa LOP, Nelson R, Maher CG, Beattie PF, de Bie R, et al. Measurement properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2014;44(11):879-89.
[23] Hush JM, Lee H, Yung V, Adams R, Mackey M, Wand BM, et al. Intercultural comparison of patient satisfaction with physiotherapy care in Australia and Korea: an exploratory factor analysis. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2013;21(2):103-12.
[24] Hush JM, Yung V, Mackey M, Adams R, Wand BM, Nelson R, et al. Patient satisfaction with musculoskeletal physiotherapy care in Australia: an international comparison. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2012;20(4):201-8.
[25] Beattie PF, Nelson RM, Lis A. Spanish-language version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care (MRPS): preliminary validation. Physical therapy. 2007;87(6):793-800.
[26] Hingarajia DN. A psychometric analysis of patient satisfaction with physical therapy care. Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science. 2013;3(5).
[27] Yeşilyaprak SS, Özyürek S, Tomruk M, İlçin N, Karadibak D, Keskinoğlu P, et al. The Turkish version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction: measurement properties in physical therapy care among inpatients. Disability and rehabilitation. 2018;42(2):247–54.
[28] Lee H-J, Adams R, Oh T-Y. Factor Structure of a Korean-Language Version of the Patient Satisfaction with Procedural Aspects of Physical Therapy Instrument. Korean Soc Phys Ther. 2013;25(3):160-6.
[29] Cuesta Vargas A, Perez O, Prieto Lucena J, Pancorbo Hidalgo P, Nelson R, Barrera Duarte M. Psicometric properties of an instrument for measuring patient’s satisfaction with physical therapy (medrisk) in spanish population: cultural diversity. 2014.
[30] Kukull W, Larson E, Teri L, Bowen J, McCormick W, Pfanschmidt M. The Mini-Mental State Examination score and the clinical diagnosis of dementia. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 1994;47(9):1061-7.
[31] Pearson RH, Mundform DJ. Recommended sample size for conducting exploratory factor analysis on dichotomous data. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods. 2010;9(2):5.
[32] Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3186-91.
[33] Wild D, Grove A, Martin M, Eremenco S, McElroy S, Verjee‐Lorenz A, et al. Principles of good practice for the translation and cultural adaptation process for patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) measures: report of the ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Value in health. 2005;8(2):94-104.
[34] Scascighini L, Angst F, Uebelhart D, Aeschlimann A. Translation, transcultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire in German. Physiotherapy. 2008;94(1):43-55.
[35] Medeiros FCd, Costa LOP, Oliveira NdFC, Costa LdCM. Satisfaction of patients receiving physiotherapy care for musculoskeletal conditions: a cross-sectional study. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa. 2016;23(1):105-10.
[36] Weir JP. Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2005;19(1):231-40.
[37] Terwee CB, Bot SD, de Boer MR, van der Windt DA, Knol DL, Dekker J, et al. Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 2007;60(1):34-42.
[38] Cattell R. The scientific use of factor analysis in behavioral and life sciences: Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.
[39] JA D. Elementary survey analysis. New Jersy: Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs; 1971.
[40] Foroughan M, JAFARI Z, SHIRIN BP, GHAEM MFZ, RAHGOZAR M. Validation of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) in the elderly population of Tehran. Advances in cognitive scinece. 2008.
[41] Seyedian M, FALAH M, NOUROUZIAN M, NEJAT S, Delavar A, Ghasemzadeh H. Validity of the Farsi version of mini-mental state examination. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL COUNCIL OF IRI. 2008;25(4): 1562-073
[42] Ansari NN, Naghdi S, Hasson S, Valizadeh L, Jalaie S. Validation of a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the Persian population: a pilot study. Applied neuropsychology. 2010;17(3):190-5.
[43] Organization WH. Process of translation and adaptation of instruments. http://www who int/substance_abuse/research_tools/translation/en/. 2009.
[44] Beattie PF, Nelson RM, Heintzelman M. The relationship between patient satisfaction with physical therapy care and global rating of change reported by patients receiving worker's compensation. Physiotherapy theory and practice. 2011;27(4):310-8.
[2] Hills R, Kitchen S. Satisfaction with outpatient physiotherapy: A survey comparing the views of patients with acute and chronic musculoskeletal conditions. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2007;23(1):21-36.
[3] McMurray J, McNeil H, Lafortune C, Black S, Prorok J, Stolee P. Measuring Patients' Experience of Rehabilitation Services Across the Care Continuum. Part I: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2016;97(1):104-20.
[4] Hills R, Kitchen S. Toward a theory of patient satisfaction with physiotherapy: Exploring the concept of satisfaction. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2007;23(5):243-54.
[5] Kroettinger BS. Factors that impact patient satisfaction in physical therapy [Ph.D.]. Ann Arbor: Capella University; 2006.
[6] Tennakoon T, de Zoysa P. Patient satisfaction with physiotherapy services in an Asian country: A report from Sri Lanka. Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal. 2014;32(2):79-85.
[7] Keith RA. Patient satisfaction and rehabilitation services. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1998;79(9):1122-8.
[8] Beattie PF, Pinto MB, Nelson MK, Nelson R. Patient satisfaction with outpatient physical therapy: instrument validation. Phys Ther. 2002 Jun;82(6):557-65. PubMed PMID: 12036397. Epub 2002/05/31. eng.
[9] Beattie PF, Nelson R, Murphy DR. Development and preliminary validation of the medrisk instrument to measure patient satisfaction with chiropractic care. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2011;34(1):23-9.
[10] Hudak PL, Wright JG. The characteristics of patient satisfaction measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3167-77.
[11] Garratt A, Bjærtnes ØA, Krogstad U, Gulbrandsen P. The OutPatient Experiences Questionnaire (OPEQ): data quality, reliability, and validity in patients attending 52 Norwegian hospitals. Quality and Safety in Health Care. 2005;14(6):433-7.
[12] Solomon DH, Bates DW, Horsky J, Burdick E, Schaffer JL, Katz JN. Development and validation of a patient satisfaction scale for musculoskeletal care. Arthritis care and research. 1999;12:96-100.
[13] Monnin D, Perneger TV. Scale to measure patient satisfaction with physical therapy. Physical Therapy. 2002;82(7):682-91.
[14] Vanti C, Monticone M, Ceron D, Bonetti F, Piccarreta R, Guccione AA, et al. Italian version of the physical therapy patient satisfaction questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties. Physical therapy. 2013;93(7):911–22.
[15] Vanti C, Bonetti F, Ceron D, Piccarreta R, Violante FS, Guccione A, et al. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Physical Therapy Outpatient Satisfaction Survey in an Italian musculoskeletal population. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013;14:125. PubMed PMID: 23560848. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC3623747. Epub 2013/04/09. eng.
[16] Beattie P, Turner C, Dowda M, Michener L, Nelson R. The MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care: a psychometric analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2005;35(1):24-32.
[17] Goldstein MS, Elliott SD, Guccione AA. The development of an instrument to measure satisfaction with physical therapy. Phys Ther. 2000 Sep;80(9):853-63. PubMed PMID: 10960933. Epub 2000/08/29. eng.
[18] Roush SE, Jones M, Nassaney M. Patient satisfaction in physical therapy: concurrent comparison of two instruments in outpatient settings. HPA Journal. 2007;7(3):1-8.
[19] Roush SE, Scott C, Drake M. The Reliability and Validity of the Physical Therapy Outpatient Satisfaction Survey: A Replication Study. HPA Journal. 2007;7(2):1-10.
[20] Mosallanezhad Z, Abdolalizadeh M, Salavati M, Saeedi A, Mohammadi J, Ehsani F. Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Construct Validation of Patient Satisfaction with the Physical Therapy Questionnaire in Persian. Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health. 2019;6(1).
[21] Nakhostin Ansari N, Naghdi S, Alaei P, Komesh S, Emami Razavi SZ, Azadvari M, et al. The MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care: A validation of the Persian-language version. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2020;5:1-10.
[22] Oliveira NdFC, Costa LOP, Nelson R, Maher CG, Beattie PF, de Bie R, et al. Measurement properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2014;44(11):879-89.
[23] Hush JM, Lee H, Yung V, Adams R, Mackey M, Wand BM, et al. Intercultural comparison of patient satisfaction with physiotherapy care in Australia and Korea: an exploratory factor analysis. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2013;21(2):103-12.
[24] Hush JM, Yung V, Mackey M, Adams R, Wand BM, Nelson R, et al. Patient satisfaction with musculoskeletal physiotherapy care in Australia: an international comparison. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2012;20(4):201-8.
[25] Beattie PF, Nelson RM, Lis A. Spanish-language version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with physical therapy care (MRPS): preliminary validation. Physical therapy. 2007;87(6):793-800.
[26] Hingarajia DN. A psychometric analysis of patient satisfaction with physical therapy care. Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science. 2013;3(5).
[27] Yeşilyaprak SS, Özyürek S, Tomruk M, İlçin N, Karadibak D, Keskinoğlu P, et al. The Turkish version of the MedRisk instrument for measuring patient satisfaction: measurement properties in physical therapy care among inpatients. Disability and rehabilitation. 2018;42(2):247–54.
[28] Lee H-J, Adams R, Oh T-Y. Factor Structure of a Korean-Language Version of the Patient Satisfaction with Procedural Aspects of Physical Therapy Instrument. Korean Soc Phys Ther. 2013;25(3):160-6.
[29] Cuesta Vargas A, Perez O, Prieto Lucena J, Pancorbo Hidalgo P, Nelson R, Barrera Duarte M. Psicometric properties of an instrument for measuring patient’s satisfaction with physical therapy (medrisk) in spanish population: cultural diversity. 2014.
[30] Kukull W, Larson E, Teri L, Bowen J, McCormick W, Pfanschmidt M. The Mini-Mental State Examination score and the clinical diagnosis of dementia. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 1994;47(9):1061-7.
[31] Pearson RH, Mundform DJ. Recommended sample size for conducting exploratory factor analysis on dichotomous data. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods. 2010;9(2):5.
[32] Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3186-91.
[33] Wild D, Grove A, Martin M, Eremenco S, McElroy S, Verjee‐Lorenz A, et al. Principles of good practice for the translation and cultural adaptation process for patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) measures: report of the ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Value in health. 2005;8(2):94-104.
[34] Scascighini L, Angst F, Uebelhart D, Aeschlimann A. Translation, transcultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire in German. Physiotherapy. 2008;94(1):43-55.
[35] Medeiros FCd, Costa LOP, Oliveira NdFC, Costa LdCM. Satisfaction of patients receiving physiotherapy care for musculoskeletal conditions: a cross-sectional study. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa. 2016;23(1):105-10.
[36] Weir JP. Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2005;19(1):231-40.
[37] Terwee CB, Bot SD, de Boer MR, van der Windt DA, Knol DL, Dekker J, et al. Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 2007;60(1):34-42.
[38] Cattell R. The scientific use of factor analysis in behavioral and life sciences: Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.
[39] JA D. Elementary survey analysis. New Jersy: Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs; 1971.
[40] Foroughan M, JAFARI Z, SHIRIN BP, GHAEM MFZ, RAHGOZAR M. Validation of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) in the elderly population of Tehran. Advances in cognitive scinece. 2008.
[41] Seyedian M, FALAH M, NOUROUZIAN M, NEJAT S, Delavar A, Ghasemzadeh H. Validity of the Farsi version of mini-mental state examination. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL COUNCIL OF IRI. 2008;25(4): 1562-073
[42] Ansari NN, Naghdi S, Hasson S, Valizadeh L, Jalaie S. Validation of a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the Persian population: a pilot study. Applied neuropsychology. 2010;17(3):190-5.
[43] Organization WH. Process of translation and adaptation of instruments. http://www who int/substance_abuse/research_tools/translation/en/. 2009.
[44] Beattie PF, Nelson RM, Heintzelman M. The relationship between patient satisfaction with physical therapy care and global rating of change reported by patients receiving worker's compensation. Physiotherapy theory and practice. 2011;27(4):310-8.
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| Issue | Vol 15 No 2 (2021) | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jmr.v15i2.7730 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Patient satisfaction Physiotherapy Reliability Validity | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Abdolalizadeh M, Ghodrati M, Saeedi A, Kamyab H, Rezaie Rayeni Nejad A. Translation, Reliability Assessment, and Validation of the Persian Version of MedRisk Instrument for Measuring Patient Satisfaction With Physical Therapy Care (20-Item MRPS). jmr. 2021;15(2):93-104.
