Research Article

Test-Retest Reliability of Surface Electromyographic Measurements in Athletes With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Voluntary Response Index Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Voluntary Response Index (VRI) is used as a measure of motor control to study abnormalities of voluntary movements. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of voluntary response index analysis in subjects with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR).
Materials and Methods: Using surface electromyography, the VRI components of both groups of 15 ACLR and 15 healthy controls were assessed during the functional task (sit-stand-sit). The outcome variables of VRI included the magnitude and similarity index.
Results: In sit to stand phase, high reliability was found (ICC=0.80-0.89) for the magnitude and similarity index in both groups. In the standing phase, high to very high reliability was found for the magnitude and similarity index in both groups (ICC=0.75-0.91). In stand to sit phase, high to very high reliability was found (ICC=0.78-0.92) for the magnitude and similarity index in both groups.
Conclusion: Surface electromyographic measurements of VRI analysis demonstrated high to very high reliability in athletes with ACLR during the functional task (sit-stand-sit). The results of the current study showed that the VRI analysis in athletes after ACLR was a reliable method and can be used to evaluate motor control before and after ligament injury in these patients.

Chhabra A, Starman JS, Ferretti M, Vidal AF, Zantop T, Fu FH. Anatomic, radiographic, biomechanical, and kinematic evaluation of the anterior cruciate ligament and its two functional bundles. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 2006; 88(Suppl. 4):2-10. [DOI:10.2106/JBJS.F.00616] [PMID]

Fremerey RW, Lobenhoffer P, Zeichen J, Skutek M, Bosch U, Tscherne H. Proprioception after rehabilitation and reconstruction in knees with deficiency of the anterior cruciate ligament: A prospective, longitudinal study. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume. 2000; 82(6):801-6.[DOI:10.1302/0301-620X.82B6.0820801] [PMID]

Marx RG, Jones EC, Angel M, Wickiewicz TL, Warren RF. Beliefs and attitudes of members of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons regarding the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2003; 19(7):762-70. [DOI:10.1016/S0749-8063(03)00398-0]

Lee DC, Lim HK, McKay WB, Priebe MM, Holmes SA, Sherwood AM. Toward an objective interpretation of surface EMG patterns: a voluntary response index (VRI). Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2004; 14(3):379-88.. [DOI:10.1016/j.jelekin.2003.10.006] [PMID]

Castanharo R, Da Luz BS, Bitar AC, D’Elia CO, Castropil W, Duarte M. Males still have limb asymmetries in multijoint movement tasks more than 2 years following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Journal of Orthopaedic Science. 2011; 16(5):531-5. [DOI:10.1007/s00776-011-0118-3] [PMID]

Lim HK, Lee DC, McKay WB, Protas EJ, Holmes SA, Priebe MM, Sherwood A. Analysis of sEMG during voluntary movement-part II: Voluntary response index sensitivity. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 2004; 12(4):416-21.[DOI:10.1109/TNSRE.2004.838445] [PMID]

Lim HK, Lee DC, McKay WB, Priebe MM, Holmes SA, Sherwood AM. Neurophysiological assessment of lower-limb voluntary control in incomplete spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2005; 43(5):283-90. [DOI:10.1038/sj.sc.3101679] [PMID]

Lin JJ, Lim HK, Soto-quijano DA, Hanten WP, Olson SL, Roddey TS, Sherwood AM. Altered patterns of muscle activation during performance of four functional tasks in patients with shoulder disorders: Interpretation from voluntary response index. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2006; 16(5):458-68. [DOI:10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.09.008] [PMID]

McKay WB, Ovechkin AV, Vitaz TW, De Paleville DT, Harkema SJ. Neurophysiological characterization of motor recovery in acute spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2011; 49(3):421-9. [DOI:10.1038/sc.2010.145] [PMID] [PMCID]

Zoghi M, Galea M, Morgan D. A Brain Motor Control Assessment (BMCA) protocol for upper limb function. PloS One. 2013; 8(11):e79483. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0079483] [PMID] [PMCID]

Cheng C-H, Wang J-L, Lin J-J, Wang S-F, Lin K-H. Position accuracy and electromyographic responses during head reposition in young adults with chronic neck pain. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2010; 20(5):1014-20. [DOI:10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.11.002] [PMID]

Khaleghi F, Olyaei GR, Talebian S, Malmir K, Bagheri H, Ansari NN, Jalaie S. Knee Muscle Reciprocal Co-Activation in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome During Isokinetic Exercise: A Voluntary Response Index Analysis. Journal of Clinical Physiotherapy Research. 2016; 1(1):6-11. https://doi.org/10.22037/jcpr.v1i1.8733

Norouzi Fashkhami A, Rahimi A, Kalantari KK. The voluntary response index in electromyographic study during landing test of the patients with ACL deficiency: A new study protocol. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 2014; 16(5):e14119. [DOI:10.5812/ircmj.14119] [PMID] [PMCID]

Weir JP. Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2005; 19(1):231-40. [DOI:10.1519/15184.1] [PMID]

Carter R, Lubinsky J, Domholdt E. Rehabilitation research: principles and applications. 4th edition. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2010. https://www.elsevier.com/books/rehabilitation-research/carter/978-1-4377-0840-0

Atkinson G, Nevill AM. Statistical methods for assessing measurement error (reliability) in variables relevant to sports medicine. Sports medicine. 1998; 26(4):217-38.[DOI:10.2165/00007256-199826040-00002] [PMID]

McKay WB, Lee DC, Lim HK, Holmes SA, Sherwood AM. Neurophysiological examination of the corticospinal system and voluntary motor control in motor-incomplete human spinal cord injury. Experimental Brain Research. 2005; 163(3):379-87. [DOI:10.1007/s00221-004-2190-9] [PMID]

Lim HK, Sherwood AM. Reliability of surface electromyographic measurements from subjects with spinal cord injury during voluntary motor tasks. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development. 2005; 42(4):413-22. [DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2004.07.0079] [PMID]

Files
IssueVol 15 No 1 (2021) QRcode
SectionResearch Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.32598/JMR.15.1.1
Keywords
Test-retest reliability Voluntary response index Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Motor control Rehabilitation

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Hajouj E, Hadian MR, Mir SM, Talebian S, Halabchi F, Ghazi S. Test-Retest Reliability of Surface Electromyographic Measurements in Athletes With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Voluntary Response Index Analysis. jmr. 2020;15(1):1-6.