A Comparison of Language Features Between Patients With Alzheimer Disease and Their Healthy Counterparts
-
Emad Shokri
,
Sediqe Safaeyan
,
Hamide Ghaemi
,
Simin Alimoradi
,
Ruhollah Tavakoli
,
Davood Sobhani-Rad
Abstract
Introduction: Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a neurological disorder associated with the progressive damage of memory and problems in communication and language skills. The examination of language in AD was less studied; therefore, this research aimed to compare linguistic characteristics between AD patients and their healthy counterparts.
Materials and Methods: A total of 32 patients with AD (16 women and 16 men) with an Mean±SD age of 77±7.41 years, and their healthy peers (19 women and 13 men) with an Mean±SD age of 81.34±6.04 years participated in this study. Both groups were evaluated with the Persian bedside version of western aphasia battery. The results were assessed by the Independent t test. The significance level was set at less than 0.05.
Results: The mean scores of each test and the general criterion for the adversity quotient index were significant between the two groups (P<0.001). The highest difference was in continuous and naming indices, and the least difference was seen in the repeat index.
Conclusion: The AD considerably affects all oral language skills; therefore, patients are significantly weaker than healthy individuals.
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Ripich DN. Functional communication with AD patients: a caregiver training program. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders. 1994; 8:95-109. [DOI:10.1097/00002093-199404000-00011] [PMID]
Small JA, Gutman G, Makela S, Hillhouse B. Effectiveness of communication strategies used by caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease during activities of daily living. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 2003; 46(2):353-67. [DOI:10.1044/1092-4388(2003/028)]
Grossman M, Mickanin J, Onishi K, Robinson KM, D’Esposito M. Lexical acquisition in probable Alzheimer’s disease. Brain and Language. 1997; 60(3):443-63. [DOI:10.1006/brln.1997.1841] [PMID]
Johnson J, Im‐Bolter N, Pascual‐Leone J. Development of mental attention in gifted and mainstream children: The role of mental capacity, inhibition, and speed of processing. Child Development. 2003; 74(6):1594-614. [DOI:10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00626.x] [PMID]
Ferris SH, Farlow M. Language impairment in Alzheimer’s disease and benefits of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2013; 8:1007-14. [DOI:10.2147/CIA.S39959] [PMID] [PMCID]
Savundranayagam MY, Hummert ML, Montgomery RJV. Investigating the effects of communication problems on caregiver burden. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 2005; 60(1):S48-S55. [DOI:10.1093/geronb/60.1.S48] [PMID]
Tang-Wai DF, Graham NL. Assessment of language function in dementia. Geriatrics and Aging. 2008; 11(2):103-10. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/573859
Hosseiny RS, Bastani F, Sayahi S, Momen-Abadi A, Alijanpoor-Aghamaleki M. [The effect of educational-counseling program on general health of women as caregivers of patient, with Alzheimerdisease (Persian)]. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. 2011; 13(5):83-92. http://eprints.skums.ac.ir/3980/1/2.pdf
Alzheimer’s Association. 2010 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. 2010; 6(2):158-94. [DOI:10.1016/j.jalz.2010.01.009] [PMID]
Sheykhi MT. Aging and the Consequent Alzheimer’s Disease in Iran: An Outlook. Journal of Alzheimer’s Parkinsonism & Dementia. 2017; 2(3):1-6. https://scientonline.org/open-access/aging-and-the-consequent-alzheimers-disease-in-iran-an-outlook.pdf
Norton MC, Dew J, Smith H, Fauth E, Piercy KW, Breitner JCS, et al. Lifestyle behavior pattern is associated with different levels of risk for incident dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: The Cache County study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2012; 60(3):405-12. [DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03860.x] [PMID] [PMCID]
Soukup JE. Alzheimer’s Disease: A guide to diagnosis, treatment, and management. Westport, CT: Praeger; 1996. https://books.google.com/books?id=hKmz4v5E1pcC&dq
Dash P, Villemarette-Pitman N. Alzheimer’s Disease, Demos Medical Publishing. [English] 1st ed. New York; 2005. https://books.google.com/books?id=M1jSCgAAQBAJ&q.
Staff MC. Alzheimer’s stages: How the disease progresses [Internet]. 2019 [Updated 2019 April 19]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alzheimers-disease/in-depth/alzheimers-stages/art-20048448
Shivanand P. Review on Alzheimer’s disease: its cause, symptoms, and treatment at worldwide. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. 2009; 1(1):112-20. http://www.ijabpt.com/pdf/36013-Shivanand-13.pdf
Klimova B, Maresova P, Kuca K. Assistive technologies for managing language disorders in dementia. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2016; 12:533-40. [DOI:10.2147/NDT.S95903] [PMID] [PMCID]
Nilipour R, Pourshahbaz A, Ghoreyshi ZS. Reliability and validity of bedside version of Persian WAB (P-WAB-1). Basic and Clinical Neuroscience. 2014; 5(4):253-8. [PMID] [PMCID]
Agronin ME. Dementia: A practical guide. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004. https://books.google.com/books?id=KuNkQgAACAAJ&dq
Katzman R. The prevalence and malignancy of Alzheimer disease: A major killer. Archives of Neurology. 1976; 33(4):217-8. [DOI:10.1001/archneur.1976.00500040001001] [PMID]
Ferri CP, Prince M, Brayne C, Brodaty H, Fratiglioni L, Ganguli M, et al. Global prevalence of dementia: A Delphi consensus study. The Lancet. 2005; 366(9503):2112-7. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67889-0]
Gholamzadeh S, Heshmati B, Mani A, Petramfar P, Baghery Z. The prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease: Its risk and protective factors among the elderly population in Iran. Shiraz E-Medical Journal. 2017; 18(9):e57576. [DOI:10.5812/semj.57576].
Seyed Mirzaie M. [Some observations on the dimensions of aging with a look at Japan’s experience (Persian)]. Journal of Human Sciences. 2007; (53):201-22. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=75372
Nanbakhsh F, Mohaddesi H, Amirai A, Haji Shafiha M, Broomand F, Bahadori F, et al. [The effect of health education on elderly weomen life quality (Persian)]. Journal of Payavard Salamat. 2011; 5(1):47-57. http://payavard.tums.ac.ir/article-1-85-en.html
Mehri A, Jahani Y, Alemi R, Aramipour E. [Investigation of usage of semantic and phonological cues in naming of fluent aphasia and Alzheimer disease (Persian)]. Audiology. 2007; 16(2):51-6. http://aud.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=149&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Roostaiyan H. [The study of speech disorders in different stages of Alzheimer’s disease (Persian)] [MSc. thesis]. Tehran: Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch; 2007. http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/bibliographic/1118236
Golbaz A. [The study of discourse feature in Alzheimer’s disease Persian natives (Persian)] [MSc. thesis]. Tehran: Allameh Tabataba’i University; 2007. https://ganj-old.irandoc.ac.ir/articles/466038
Ripich DN. Functional communication with AD patients: a caregiver training program. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders. 1994; 8:95-109. [DOI:10.1097/00002093-199404000-00011] [PMID]
Small JA, Gutman G, Makela S, Hillhouse B. Effectiveness of communication strategies used by caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease during activities of daily living. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 2003; 46(2):353-67. [DOI:10.1044/1092-4388(2003/028)]
Grossman M, Mickanin J, Onishi K, Robinson KM, D’Esposito M. Lexical acquisition in probable Alzheimer’s disease. Brain and Language. 1997; 60(3):443-63. [DOI:10.1006/brln.1997.1841] [PMID]
Johnson J, Im‐Bolter N, Pascual‐Leone J. Development of mental attention in gifted and mainstream children: The role of mental capacity, inhibition, and speed of processing. Child Development. 2003; 74(6):1594-614. [DOI:10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00626.x] [PMID]
Ferris SH, Farlow M. Language impairment in Alzheimer’s disease and benefits of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2013; 8:1007-14. [DOI:10.2147/CIA.S39959] [PMID] [PMCID]
Savundranayagam MY, Hummert ML, Montgomery RJV. Investigating the effects of communication problems on caregiver burden. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 2005; 60(1):S48-S55. [DOI:10.1093/geronb/60.1.S48] [PMID]
Tang-Wai DF, Graham NL. Assessment of language function in dementia. Geriatrics and Aging. 2008; 11(2):103-10. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/573859
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 14 No 1 (2020) | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.32598/JMR.14.1.4 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Alzheimer Disease Language problems Elders | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Shokri E, Safaeyan S, Ghaemi H, Alimoradi S, Tavakoli R, Sobhani-Rad D. A Comparison of Language Features Between Patients With Alzheimer Disease and Their Healthy Counterparts. jmr. 2020;14(1):33-38.
