Normalization of the Non-word Repetition Test in Farsi-speaking Children
-
Hamidreza Farmani
,
Fatemeh Sayyahi
,
Zahra Soleymani
,
Fariba Zadeh Labbaf
,
Elnaz Talebi
,
Zahra Shourvazi
Abstract
Introduction: The Phonological Working Memory (PWM) plays an essential role in many cognitive functions, such as language acquisition. Impaired PWM can result in learning disability. Therefore, the existence of a standard test for the assessment of this ability, especially in children, is vital. Evidence suggests that the Non-Word Repetition (NWR) task is a good representative of PWM competence. This study aimed to normalize the NWR test for Farsi-speaking children. Also, we aimed at assessing the external reliability of this test.
Materials and Methods: The NWR test, including main and parallel tests, was performed on 455 typically-developed children in five age groups ranging from four to nine years old. We attempted to have an almost equal number of participants in different socio-economic status groups and sexes.
Results: We found a remarkable relationship between the main and parallel test results (P≤0.001). There was a direct relationship between age and NWR performance in the main (P≤0.001) and the parallel (P≤0.001) tests. Also, boys obtained better total scores in the main (P=0.002) and the parallel (P≤0.001) tests.
Conclusion: The test has high external reliability. The results showed non-word repetition ability increased with age. The reported standard scores and normative data can be used for screening and assessing PWM among children.
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| Issue | Vol 12 No 4 (2018) | |
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Non-word repetition Working memory Normality Standardization test Reliability | ||
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