Journal of Modern Rehabilitation

Architectural Features of Rehabilitation Environments that Affect Information Processing in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2025-08-30T11:03:18+0430

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that physical environments play a critical role in regulating behavior, and information processing in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study aims to identify architectural features of rehabilitation environments and examine their relationship with the information processing abilities of children with ADHD.
Material and Methods: Thirty five children (mean age: 7.6m range: 5-10) diagnosed with ADHD from 10 rehabilitation centers in Tehran were recruited for this descriptive-analytical study. Data was collected via a researcher-designed questionnaire for evaluating important architectural elements in the rehabilitation centers and was validated for content and construct (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.81). The total score and the score for each item of the questionnaire were evaluated by a Professional architects. The sensory improvement of the children was also evaluated by short sensory profile questionnaire 2 times; at the base line and after 1 month of their treatment. Correlation between each architectural items and the improvement in the children’s sensory profiles were assessed by Pearson’s correlation tests.
Results: A significant positive and moderate correlation between elements such as natural light (r=0.58), calming color schemes (r=0.55), noise reduction (r=0.49), with improved information processing speed ability in children with ADHD (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: The results indicate that careful and intentional architectural design of rehabilitation environments can play an effective role in enhancing cognitive performance in children with ADHD. It is recommended that architects and rehabilitation professionals collaborate more closely to meet the perceptual and cognitive needs of these children in space design.

Correlation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Fugl-Meyer Score Changes after Telerehabilitation in Stroke

2025-07-22T10:35:02+0430

Background: Early post-stroke rehabilitation reduces disability and improves quality of life. However, limited access to rehabilitation facilities can be challenging. Home-based telerehabilitation emerges as a viable solution to reach distant stroke populations. Motoric recovery relies on penumbral reorganization and restructuring. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity regulation. Yet, the impact of additional rehabilitation sessions on BDNF levels and motoric function in post-stroke patients remains unexplored.
Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 50 stroke patients from June to September 2023. Medical history was assessed via a questionnaire, and motoric function was evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). Blood samples were drawn to measure BDNF levels. The intervention included prescribing home-based exercises using a telerehabilitation application on cellphones for 12 weeks. BDNF levels and FMA scores were reassessed at the study's conclusion.
Result: Significant increases in BDNF and FMA scores were observed in the mobile-based telerehabilitation group. The increment of BDNF and FMA in the intervention group exceeded that of the control group.
Conclusion: Mobile-based telerehabilitation proves superior to conventional home exercise programs for delivering home-based therapeutic exercises.

Effectiveness of Psychophysical Visual Stimuli-Based Interventions in Amblyopia Treatment: A Systematic Review

2025-06-11T15:12:25+0430

Introduction: Active vision therapy, integrating perceptual learning with dichoptic or binocular environments, has shown potential effectiveness in treating amblyopia. However, uncertainties linger regarding the optimal types of stimuli and the best approaches and sequences for their presentation. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of psychophysical visual stimuli-based interventions, particularly perceptual learning and dichoptic training, in treating amblyopia.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search across major databases, such as PubMed and Google Scholar, yielded 26 studies involving 993 amblyopic patients. These studies investigated various visual training methods, including perceptual learning, dichoptic stimulation, and combinations of both, with stimuli such as Gabor patches, letter optotypes, Vernier stimuli, and random-dot stereograms.
Results: The findings indicate that perceptual learning enhances visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis, even in adult patients, by leveraging neural plasticity. Dichoptic training, which engages both eyes simultaneously, shows promise in reducing suppression and improving binocular integration, providing a potential advantage over traditional patching therapy. Gabor patches emerged as particularly effective, stimulating the visual cortex to drive neural efficiency.
Conclusion: Vision therapy can be an effective strategy for treating amblyopia and potentially reduce the overall treatment time when used alongside patching. In addition, it is imperative to modify the stimuli to align with the distinct characteristics of the patient during both monocular and binocular training.

Reliability and Validity of the Lower Extremity Motor Activity Log in Persian People with Ankle Sprain

2025-06-10T13:13:23+0430

Background: Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries and affect functional mobility, lower extremity function and health status. Accessing to a reliable measurement tool to assess diverse real-world lower extremity use in patients following ankle sprain seems essential. Researchers have developed number of measurements to determine rehabilitation goals and also measure the effects of therapeutic interventions. This study was conducted to translate the original English Lower Extremity Motor Activity Log (LE-MAL) to Persian and to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version.
Material and Methods: The LE-MAL was translated to Persian and adapted to the Persian culture. Then a total of 140 patients with ankle sprain filled out the Persian LE-MAL, Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Life Space Questionnaire (LSQ). The Persian LE-MAL was re-completed by participants with an interval of two weeks and internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity were investigated.
Results: The Persian LE-MAL had good internal consistency (Cronbach's α =0.95) and test-retest reliability (ICC=0.76). The construct validity of the Persian LE-MAL was demonstrated to be acceptable as a result of its significantly strong correlations with LEFS and LSQ (0.74<r<0.77). Standard error of measurement was less than 10% of the total instrument score (SEM=0.43) and minimal detectable change was 1.2. No ceiling and floor effect observed.
Conclusion: Persian version of LE-MAL is a valid and reliable measurement to assess lower extremity function in people with ankle sprain.

Integrating the Effect of Franklin Method along with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Pelvic Organ Prolapse

2025-06-07T12:45:40+0430

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is the descent of pelvic organ from its anatomical position which affects the quality of life in women. Traditional pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has shown benefits, but adherence and technique execution can be challenging. The Franklin method allows individuals to recognise the body image and enhance neuromuscular control. This study aims to determine the effects of Franklin method with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for women with POP.
Methods: This study includes a group of women with pelvic organ prolapse stage 1 and 2, age 45-55, no associated neurological defects and no present history of the uro-gynecological disorder. Participants were excluded from the study if they had any of the following: uncontrolled systemic illness, history of malignancy, active infection such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ongoing hormonal therapy, inability to understand or respond accurately to the questionnaire, or if they had undergone pelvic surgery within the past 4 weeks. All the participants (120) underwent Franklin method and PFMT for 6 weeks, the outcome measures included Prolapse Quality of Life questionnaire (P-QoL) and ICIQ-FLUTS tamil measured before and after intervention.
Result: The mean values of P-QoL before and after intervention were 56.74 and 47.06. In ICIQ-FLUTS tamil, the overall mean value was pre-test:36.09 and post-test:20.22. Quality of life and incontinence symptoms showed a significant improvement (p value ≤0.001) after the 6 weeks of intervention.
Conclusion: Franklin method along with PFMT showed significant improvement in symptoms of POP.