Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2538-385X 18 4 2024 10 01 399 406 Masoud Khorrami-Nejad Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Babak Masoomian Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Safa Dyaa Saad Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ahmed Mohammed Noori Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ahmed Khodair Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Gheibi Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Haleh Kangari Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Ghasemi Boromand Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2023 03 10 2023 09 05 Treatment of the vertical strabismus due to the overaction of the inferior oblique extraocular muscle usually requires surgical intervention. In addition to the cosmetic issues, the main indications for surgical treatment of the inferior oblique overaction are the presence of cyclotropia and torsional diplopia. Most procedures target the weakening of the inferior oblique muscle; however, there is the risk of some intraoperative and postoperative complications, including highly invasive procedures, difficulty of technical implementation because of the need for manipulations in inaccessible locations of the globe near the optic nerve, macular area, and large vessels, long duration of the surgery, inability to determine the dosage of the outcomes of the surgery, and poor functional outcomes. Most complications are absent in the procedure of anterior transposition in which the neuro-fibrovascular bundle serves as the axis of rotation of the inferior oblique muscle. This technique changes the inferior oblique muscle’s action field and increases treatment effectiveness. Despite the advantages of this technique, its application is still limited because of the lack of methods for controlling the amount of anterior transposition to treat inferior oblique overaction, particularly of small degrees. https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/view/852