Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2538-385X 10 4 2015 08 23 193 198 EN Mansoure Mohammadifard MSc. Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Parvin Raji Lecturer, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Reza Hadian Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahmood Mahmoodian Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ahmad Reza Baghestani MSc., Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Habib Esmaeilian MSc. Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2017 07 15 Introduction: Aging is a dynamic and progressive process characterized by morphological, functional, and psychological changes, which restricts adaption to the environment and reduces the quality of life. Maintaining the ability of performing activities of daily living (ADL) is vital to the elderly and poor motor function is associated with higher dependency. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hand resistance training and dexterity as a treatment package on the performance of ADL in the elderly. Material and Methods: A total of 20 senior adults were randomly (picking up by coded envelopes) assigned to intervention and control groups. We used Barthel test to evaluate the performance of ADL, and Box and Block test to evaluate the hand function. Results: According to results, changes in ADL were not statistically significant over time (P=0.583). However, the results of Box and Block test showed that right- and left-hand performance changes over time was statistically significant (P=0.002). Conclusion: Based on the results, 6 weeks training could improve hand function and dexterity and maintain the ability to perform ADL in the elderly.   https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/view/61 https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/download/61/74