Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2538-385X 12 4 2019 09 28 225 232 Zahra Azarpira Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Hamid Rajabi Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Afkham Daneshfar Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran. Seyedeh Tahereh Faezi Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University for Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2019 09 28 Introduction: Physical training, especially aerobic exercise combined with mental training by patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), has numerous benefits, including tissue generation and enhanced anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed at investigating the effect of ten-week aerobic-cognitive combined training on the serum levels of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (HS-CRP), Anti-cardiolipin antibodies, Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and mental status of female SLE patients. Materials and Methods: Eight female patients with SLE (with the Mean±SD age of 50±47.04 year and the Mean±SD BMI of 29.57±5.83 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=5) and control (n=3) groups. The experimental group performed Brailletonik exercise, including aerobic (60-80% of Max HR) and cognitive training for ten weeks. The serum levels of HS-CRP, IgG, IgM, and mental status of the patients were evaluated in both groups before and after the training. Results: According to the results of 2×2 mixed Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), there was no significant effect of training on the serum levels of HS-CRP, IgG, and IgM (P>0.05), but HS-CRP and IgM level decreased in the experimental group by (42%) and (23.5%), respectively. The result of ANCOVA indicated the significant effect of training on mental status (P=0.005). Conclusion: Physical combined cognitive training could be more effective in improving the mental status compared to a decrease in serum inflammatory factors of SLE patients. https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/view/215 https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/download/215/121