Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2538-385X 0 - 2026 04 28 1477 1477 EN Milad Naseri Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2025 12 05 2025 12 13 Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) is a congenital ocular motility disorder characterized by dysinnervation of the lateral rectus muscle, globe retraction and palpebral fissure narrowing on adduction, and limitation of horizontal eye movements. Many affected children adopt an abnormal head posture (AHP) to maintain binocular single vision and avoid diplopia. When such postures appear early in life and persist through the years of rapid craniofacial growth, they may predispose to facial asymmetry and musculoskeletal imbalance. Surgical correction can improve alignment and reduce AHP in selected cases but is often deferred in very young children or when primary position deviation is small. This short communication summarizes the patterns of AHP in the main clinical types of DRS, reviews key elements of non-surgical management—including amblyopia therapy, optical correction, simple positioning strategies, and the use of the patch test—and highlights the importance of early intervention to prevent permanent craniofacial changes. https://jmr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmr/article/view/1477